In a Hadith found in Imam Munzari’s, Awareness and Apprehension, number 2520, the Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, advised the characteristics of a fortunate person.
The first characteristic is that they act on their useful knowledge. Knowledge is only beneficial when one acts on it otherwise it is something which will testify against them on Judgment Day. Not acting on one’s knowledge and expecting to obtain success is as foolish as the one who possesses a map to their desired destination yet does not use it and still hopes to reach their destination safely. It is vital for muslims to fulfill both aspects of knowledge. The first is gaining it from a reliable source and the second is to sincerely act on it for the pleasure of Allah, the Exalted. A muslim must find the path to Paradise and journey down it in order to reach it.
The next characteristic mentioned in the main Hadith is spending one’s excess wealth in ways pleasing to Allah, the Exalted. Excess wealth is the wealth which remains after one fulfills their needs and the needs of their dependents without waste, excessiveness or extravagance. A muslim should save reasonably for the near future and then spend the rest in ways pleasing to Allah, the Exalted, such as charity. They should not spend it on sinful things or hoard it. Hoarding wealth in reality makes it useless as this practice defies the very purpose of its creation. Wealth which circulates in society is beneficial to all whereas, hoarding only widens the gap between the rich and the poor. And it in reality does not benefit its owner as they failed to enjoy it during their life yet, they will be held accountable for it in the hereafter. A muslim should either avoid obtaining excess wealth or at least use it in the correct way.
The final characteristic mentioned in the main Hadith under discussion is withholding excess words. Evil words must always be avoided. Vain and useless words should be avoided as it often leads to evil words. In addition, they waste time which will be a great regret on Judgment Day. A muslim should therefore either speak good or remain silent which has been advised in a Hadith found in Sahih Muslim, number 176. Chapter 4 An Nisa, verse 114:
“No good is there in much of their private conversation, except for those who enjoin charity or that which is right or conciliation between people. And whoever does that seeking means to the approval of Allah – then We are going to give him a great reward.”
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