Neighbours –
When the uncle of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, Abu Talib, died, he lost a source of support and protection against the non-Muslims of Mecca. The physical violence of the non-Muslims of Mecca against him greatly increased. For example, the most harm directed at the Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, during this time was from his neighbours who were also his relatives. They would toss filthy things on him while he was in his house and even placed these things in his cooking pot. The Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, never responded in kind and would instead carry the filth out of his home and dispose of it. This has been discussed in Imam Ibn Kathir’s, the Life of the Prophet, Volume 2, Page 99.
In a Hadith found in Sahih Bukhari, number 6014, the Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, advised that he was encouraged to treat neighbors kindly to such an extent that he thought that a neighbor would become an heir of every Muslim.
Unfortunately, this duty is often neglected even though treating one’s neighbour kindly is an important aspect of Islam. First of all, it is important to note that a person’s neighbour in Islam includes all those people who are living within forty houses in each direction to a Muslim’s home. This is confirmed in Imam Bukhari’s, Adab Al Mufrad, Number 109.
The Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, once connected belief in Allah, the Exalted, and Judgment Day to treating a neighbour kindly in a Hadith found in Sahih Muslim, number 174. This Hadith alone is enough to indicate the seriousness of treating neighbours kindly. A Hadith found in Imam Bukhari’s, Adab Al Mufrad, number 119, warns that a woman who fulfilled her obligatory duties and offered much voluntary worship would go to Hell because she mistreated her neighbours through her speech. If this is the case for the one who harms their neighbour through words can one imagine the seriousness of physically harming one’s neighbour?
A Muslim must be patient when mistreated by their neighbor. In fact, a Muslim should treat them kindly in cases like this. Repaying good with good is not difficult. A good neighbour is the one who repays harm with good. A Muslim should respect the private space of their neighbour’s property but at the same time greet them and offer them help without being too intrusive. They should be supported by whatever means is available to a person, such as financial or emotional support.
A Muslim should always conceal the faults of their neighbors. The one who conceals the faults of others will have their faults concealed by Allah, the Exalted. And the one who exposes the faults of others Allah, the Exalted, will expose their faults and publically disgrace them. This is confirmed in a Hadith found in Sunan Abu Dawud, number 4880.
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